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Area : |
1,483 square kilometers. |
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Population : |
13,850,507 |
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Language : |
Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi,
English etc... |
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Climate : |
The best time to visit
Delhi is in October-November and in February-March, when the nights are
cool and the days filled with mellow sunshine. December and January can
be a little gloomy in Delhi while mid-summer (May, June and July) is
very hot with temperatures over 45C; it is a dry heat and is sometimes
accompanied by dusty desert winds. Most of the rain falls between July
and September but they are not the tropical rains you'll experience in
India's coastal cities. |
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People : |
People from all over
India stay in Delhi, due to the influence of it being
the capital of India. The people of different religions, castes and
sub-castes reside in Delhi though Old Delhi is majorly populated by
Muslim people. |
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Economy : |
Important crops grown in the union territory are
wheat, gram, Bajra and Jowar. The important trading centers in Delhi are
fruit and vegetable market, food grain market, fodder market, cloth
market, bicycle market, dry fruit market and hosiery and general market.
Readymade garments are one of the most important goods that are
manufactured and exported.
In 2001, the total workforce in all government (union and state) and
quasi government sector was 620,000. In comparison, organised private
sector employed 219,000.[40] Delhi's service sector has expanded due in
part to the large skilled English-speaking workforce that has attracted
many multinational companies. Key service industries include information
technology, telecommunications, hotels, banking, media and tourism.
Delhi's manufacturing industry has also grown considerably as many
consumer goods industries have established manufacturing units and
headquarters in and around Delhi. Delhi's large consumer market, coupled
with the easy availability of skilled labour, has attracted foreign
investment in Delhi. In 2001, the manufacturing sector employed
1,440,000 workers while the number of industrial units was 129,000.[41]
Construction, power, telecommunications, health and community services,
and real estate form integral parts of Delhi's economy. Delhi's retail
industry is one of the fastest growing industries in India.[42] However,
as in the rest of India, the fast growth of retail is expected to affect
the traditional unorganized retail trading system.[43] |
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Festivals : |
Due to its cosmopolitan nature Delhi
celebrates
all the major festivities of India. Also some of the festivals organized
and celebrated are the International Kite lying festival, Garden Tourism
Festival and Mango Festival. |
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History : |
Human habitation was
probably present in and around Delhi during the second millennium BC and
before, as evidenced by archeological relics.[11] The city is
believed to be the site of Indraprastha, legendary capital of the
Pandavas in the Indian epic Mahabharata.[6] Settlements grew
from the time of the Mauryan Empire (c. 300 BC).[11] Remains
of seven major cities have been discovered in Delhi. The Tomara dynasty
founded the city of Lal Kot in 736 AD. The Chauhan Rajputs of Ajmer
conquered Lal Kot in 1180 AD and renamed it Qila Rai Pithora. The
Chauhan king Prithviraj III was defeated in 1192 by the Afghan Muhammad
Ghori.[6] In 1206, Qutb-ud-din Aybak, the first ruler of the
Slave Dynasty established the Delhi Sultanate. Qutb-ud-din started the
construction the Qutub Minar and Quwwat-al-Islam (might of Islam), the
earliest extant mosque in India.[6][12] After the fall of the
Slave dynasty, a succession of Turkic and Central Asian dynasties, the
Khilji dynasty, the Tughluq dynasty, the Sayyid dynasty and the Lodhi
dynasty held power in the late medieval period, and built a sequence of
forts and townships that are part of the seven cities of Delhi.[13]
In 1398, Timur Lenk invaded India on the pretext that the Muslim sultans
of Delhi were too much tolerant to their Hindu subjects. Timur entered
Delhi and the city was sacked, destroyed, and left in ruins.[14]
Delhi was a major center of Sufism during the Sultanate period.[15]
In 1526, Zahiruddin Babur defeated the last Lodhi sultan in the First
Battle of Panipat and founded the Mughal Empire that ruled from Delhi,
Agra and Lahore.[6]
The Mughal Empire ruled northern India for more than three centuries,
with a five-year hiatus during Sher Shah Suri's reign in the mid-16th
century.[16] In the year 1556, a Hindu General Hemu
Vikramaditya defeated Mughals and had his coronation at Purana Quila and
re-established Vikramaditya dynasty. Mughal emperor Akbar shifted the
capital from Agra to Delhi. Shah Jahan built the seventh city of Delhi
that bears his name (Shahjahanabad), and is more commonly known as the
Old City or Old Delhi. The old city served as the capital of the Mughal
Empire since 1638. Nader Shah defeated the Mughal army at the huge
Battle of Karnal in February, 1739. After this victory, Nader captured
and sacked Delhi, carrying away many treasures, including the Peacock
Throne.[17] In 1761, Delhi was raided by Ahmed Shah Abdali
after the Third battle of Panipat. At the Battle of Delhi on 11
September 1803, General Lake's British forces defeated the Marathas.
Delhi came under direct British control after the Indian Rebellion of
1857.[6] Shortly after the Rebellion, Calcutta was declared
the capital of British India and Delhi was made a district province of
the Punjab. In 1911, Delhi was again declared as the capital of British
India. Parts of the old city were pulled down to create New Delhi; a
monumental new quarter of the city designed by the British architect
Edwin Lutyens to house the government buildings. New Delhi, also known
as Lutyens' Delhi, was officially declared as the seat of the Government
of India and the capital of the republic after independence on 15 August
1947. During the partition of India thousands of Hindu and Sikh refugees
from West Punjab and Sindh migrated to Delhi. Migration to Delhi from
the rest of India continues, contributing more to the rise of Delhi's
population than the birth rate, which is declining.[18]
The Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 declared the Union
Territory of Delhi to be formally known as National Capital Territory of
Delhi.[19] The Act gave Delhi its own legislative assembly,
though with limited powers.[19] |
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